
by Gavin Menzies · HarperCollins · tapa blanda · ISBN 9780007275861

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«1434» is the historical essay by Gavin Menzies, published by HarperCollins in paperback (384 pages, in English).
The author argues that a Chinese fleet reached Tuscany in 1434 and that its knowledge of cartography, astronomy, printing, and engineering spurred the European Renaissance. The work reconstructs that voyage, the meeting with Pope Eugene IV in Florence, and Chinese influence on figures such as Leonardo da Vinci, Columbus, and Magellan.
Its full title is «1434: The Year a Magnificent Chinese Fleet Sailed to Italy and Ignited the Renaissance»; the edition includes bibliography and index.
For readers interested in history, theories of intercontinental contact, and debates on the origins of the Renaissance.

Rowan Gavin Paton Menzies was a British submarine lieutenant-commander who authored books claiming that the Chinese sailed to America before Columbus. Historians have rejected Menzies' theories and assertions and have categorised his work as pseudohistory.
